Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2023,14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69
the three species of beetles flying tethered in a wind tunnel. The results show that at low wind speeds, typical during insect flight, the species with the highest foldingratio and highest flapping frequencies produced the highest lift-to-drag ratio. The results are in agreement with other studies of
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Figure 1:
Biological archetype and eponym of the lotus effect: The sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). a) Photo ...
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2022,13, 845–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.75
, microstructures and nanomechanical properties of three beetle species with different wing folding ratios living in different environments were investigated. Factors affecting their flight performance, that is, wind speed, foldingratio, aspect ratio, and flapping frequency, were examined using a wind tunnel. It
was found that the wing foldingratio correlated with the lift force of the beetles. Wind speed, foldingratio, aspect ratio, and flapping frequency had a combined effect on the flight performance of the beetles. The results will be helpful to design new deployable FWMAVs.
Keywords: beetle hind wings
; flight performance; foldingratio; nanoindentation; wind tunnel; Introduction
Regarding the benefits of scientific research, rescue, surveying, mapping, and many other aspects in the development of micro aerial vehicles (MAVs), miniaturization of aircraft has become a popular research topic [1]. Owing
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Figure 1:
The low-speed straight-flow wind tunnel and the beetle during test.